螳螂捕蝉黄雀在后文言文的道理-《螳螂捕蝉》这个寓言故事告诉我们一个怎样的道理？
《螳螂捕蝉》这个寓言故事告诉我们一个怎样的道理？螳螂捕蝉原文【原文】吴王欲伐⑦荆①，告其左右曰：“敢有谏⑧者死!”舍人②有少孺子③欲谏不敢，则怀丸操弹，游于后园，露沾其衣，如是者再三。吴王曰：“子来，何苦沾衣如此!”，对曰：“园中有树，其上有蝉，蝉高居悲鸣，饮露，不知螳螂在其后也;螳螂委身曲附④，欲取
《螳螂捕蝉》这个寓言故事告诉我们一个怎样的道理？
螳螂捕蝉原文
【原文】
吴王欲伐⑦荆①，告其左右曰：“敢有谏⑧者死!”舍人②有少孺子③欲谏不敢，则怀丸操弹，游于后园，露沾其衣，如是者再三。吴王曰：“子来，何苦沾衣如此!”，对曰：“园中有树，其上有蝉，蝉高居悲鸣，饮露，不知螳螂在其后也;螳螂委身曲附④，欲取蝉，而不知黄雀在其傍⑤也;黄雀延颈⑥，欲啄螳螂，而不知弹丸在其下也。此三者皆务欲得其前利，而不顾其后之有患也。”吴王曰：“善哉!”乃罢其兵。(刘向《说苑?正谏》)
【出处】
《庄子?外篇?山木第二十》“睹一蝉，方得美荫而忘其身，螳螂执翳(举着草叶遮蔽自己，翳，掩盖)而搏之，见得而忘其形;异鹊从而利之，见利而忘其真。”
【释义】
螳螂正要捉蝉，不知黄雀在它后面正要吃它。形容行事仅顾前而不顾后。 或喻目光短浅， 仅视眼前利益，而不知后患能随之而来，常用此语。
Once, the King of the State of Wu wanted to invade the State of Chu.
一次，吴王要进攻楚国。
The King of Wu warned his ministers: “If anyone should dare to dissuade me from invading Chu again, I will put him to death.”
吴王警告他的大臣们说: “有谁再敢来劝阻我进攻楚国，我就处死他。”
One young hanger-on of his wanted to dissuade him but didn’t dare.
吴王的门客中有一个年青人，想去劝阻但又不敢。
He carried a slingshot, and for three consecutive days paced up and down in the King’s back garden.
他怀里揣着弹弓，一连三个早晨在吴工的后花园里徘徊。
The dew wetted his clothes all through.
露水湿透了他的衣服。
One day, the King of Wu called him:”The dew has wetted your clothes to such a state.
一天，吴王叫住他:“露水把你的衣服湿成这个样子。
Why should you bear such hardship?”
你何必吃这个苦呢?”
The young man replied: “There is a cicada on a tree in this garden.
年青人回答说: “这个园子里，有一棵树，树上有一只蝉。
The cicada is high above, chirping leisurely and taking in the dew freely, not knowing that a mantis is right behind it.
蝉高高在上，悠闲地叫着，自由自在地吸着露水，却不知道有一只蝗螂在它身后呢!
The mantis, pressing its body close in a concealed place, is intent on catching the cicada, not knowing that a siskin is hiding right behind it.
蝗螂把身子紧紧地贴在隐蔽的地方，只想去捕蝉，却不知道有一只黄雀早已躲在它的身后呢!
The siskin is stretching out its neck to peck at the mantis, not knowing that a man carrying a slingshot is under it.
黄雀正伸长了脖子想去啄蝗螂，却不知道在它下面正有人拿着弹弓呢!
These three small creatures make every effort only to get the benefit before them but ignore entirely the disaster behind.”
这三只小生物，只是力求得到它们眼前的利益，却全不管它们身后隐伏着祸患啊!”
Having heard the young man’s words, the King of Wu suddenly saw the light and said: “What you said is right!”
吴王听了年青人的话后，恍然大悟说: “你说得好啊!”
Consequently, the King of Wu dropped his plan to invade the State of Chu.
于是，吴王就不再进攻楚国了。
“螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后”，中国成语，作者刘向，西汉人。讽刺了那些只顾眼前利益，不顾身后祸患的人。对鼠目寸光、利令智昏、不顾后患这类人提出警告。也比喻有人一心想暗算他人，却没想到有人却在暗算自己。也可以说只为利益，将有报应。